Details of the Metabolic Reaction (MR)

General Information of This Metabolic Reaction (MR) (ID: MR001312)
Formula
SVG example
Hydoxylation
Reactant Norketamine Product 5-hydroxynorketamine
Reactant Info Product Info
Metabolic Type Oxidation - Hydoxylation
Other MR(s) Related to The Reactant of This MR
Other MR(s) That Produce The Reactant of This MR
MR ID Reactant Product MR Type Related Drug REF
MR001321 Ketamine Norketamine Oxidation - N-Demethylation Ketamine [1], [2], [3], [4]
Other MR(s) That Metabolize The Reactant of This MR
MR ID Reactant Product MR Type Related Drug REF
MR001313 Norketamine 4-hydroxynorketamine Oxidation - Hydoxylation Ketamine [5], [2]
MR001311 Norketamine 6-hydroxynorketamine Oxidation - Hydoxylation Ketamine [5], [6], [2]
MR001314 Norketamine Dehydronorketamine Oxidation - Dehydrogenation Ketamine [5], [2]
Other MR(s) Related to The Product of This MR
Other MR(s) That Produce The Product of This MR
MR ID Reactant Product MR Type Related Drug REF
MR001319 5-hydroxyketamine 5-hydroxynorketamine Oxidation - N-Demethylation Ketamine [5], [7]
Other MR(s) That Metabolize The Produtc of This MR
MR ID Reactant Product MR Type Related Drug REF
MR001316 5-hydroxynorketamine 5-hydroxynorketamine glucuronide Conjugation - Glucuronidation Ketamine [5], [7]
References
1 Contribution of CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP2C9 isoforms to N-demethylation of ketamine in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Jul;30(7):853-8.
2 The clinical toxicology of ketamine. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2023 Jun;61(6):415-428. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2023.2212125.
3 Pharmacokinetics of Ketamine Transfer Into Human Milk. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2023 May 23. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000001711.
4 Chronic exposure to (2?R,6?R)-hydroxynorketamine induces developmental neurotoxicity in hESC-derived cerebral organoids. J Hazard Mater. 2023 Jul 5;453:131379. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131379.
5 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
6 Simultaneous quantitation of ketamine, norketamine and dehydronorketamine in human milk using a novel ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) assay. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2023 Jun 1;234:115502. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115502.
7 Metabolism and metabolomics of ketamine: a toxicological approach. Forensic Sci Res. 2017 Feb 20;2(1):2-10.

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