Details of the Drug Metabolized by Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

General Information of Drug (ID: DR0204)
Drug Name
Beta carotene
Synonyms
BetaVit; Betacarotene; Betacaroteno [INN-Spanish]; Betacaroteno [Spanish]; Betacarotenum [INN-Latin]; Betacarotenum [Latin]; Carotaben; Food orange 5; Karotin; Karotin [Czech]; Lucaratin; Natural Yellow 26; Provatene; Provitamin A; Serlabo; Solatene; Solatene (caps); Zlut prirodni 26; Zlut prirodni 26 [Czech]; all-trans-beta-Carotene; beta Carotene; beta,beta-Carotene; beta-Carotene, all-trans-; beta-Carotin; beta-Karotin; beta-carotene; beta;-Carotene; .beta. Carotene; .beta.-Carotene; 7235-40-7; C.I. 75130; C.I. Food Orange 5; KPMK
Indication Vitamin deficiency [ICD11: 5B55] Approved [1]
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
Pharmaceutical Properties Molecular Weight 536.9 Topological Polar Surface Area 0
Heavy Atom Count 40 Rotatable Bond Count 10
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 0 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 0
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
5280489
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:17579
CAS Number
7235-40-7
TTD Drug ID
D0MY8N
Formula
C40H56
Canonical SMILES
CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2=C(CCCC2(C)C)C)C)C
InChI
1S/C40H56/c1-31(19-13-21-33(3)25-27-37-35(5)23-15-29-39(37,7)8)17-11-12-18-32(2)20-14-22-34(4)26-28-38-36(6)24-16-30-40(38,9)10/h11-14,17-22,25-28H,15-16,23-24,29-30H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,19-13+,20-14+,27-25+,28-26+,31-17+,32-18+,33-21+,34-22+
InChIKey
OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N
The Metabolic Roadmap of This Drug
The Full List of Drug Metabolites (DM) of This Drug
DM Name DM ID PubChem ID Reaction DM Level REF
Apo-10'-Carotenal DM005408
6450190
Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis 1 [2]
Apo-12'-Carotenal DM005409
11142672
Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis 1 [2]
Apo-14'-Carotenal DM005410
5280992
Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis 1 [2]
Apo-8'-Carotenal DM005407
101701200
Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis 1 [2]
Beta ionone DM005411
638014
Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis 1 [2]
Retinal DM007064
638015
Unclear 1 [2]
Rosafluine DM005412
14135805
Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis 1 [2]
Retinoic acid DM001016
444795
Unclear 2 [2]
Retinol DM001733
445354
Unclear 2 [2]
13-cis-retinoic acid DM007065
5282379
Unclear 3 [2]
4-Oxoretinoic acid DM002377
6437063
Unclear 3 [2]
Dihydroretinol DM007067
446798
Unclear 3 [2]
4-oxo-retinoyl glucuronide DM005405 N. A. Conjugation - Glucuronidation 4 [2]
9-cis-retinoic acid DM007066
449171
Unclear 4 [2]
Dihydroretinoic acid DM007068
5326536
Unclear 4 [2]
9-cis-dihydroretinoic acid DM007069
10266931
Unclear 5 [2]
⏷ Show the Full List of 16  DM(s)
The Full List of Metabolic Reaction (MR) of This Drug
MR ID Reactant Product MR Type DME REF
MR005730 Beta carotene Retinal Unclear BCO1 [2]
MR005740 Beta carotene Apo-8'-Carotenal Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis BCO2 [2]
MR005741 Beta carotene Apo-10'-Carotenal Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis BCO2 [2]
MR005742 Beta carotene Apo-12'-Carotenal Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis BCO2 [2]
MR005743 Beta carotene Apo-14'-Carotenal Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis BCO2 [2]
MR005744 Beta carotene Beta ionone Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis BCO2 [2]
MR005745 Beta carotene Rosafluine Hydrolysis - Hydrolysis BCO2 [2]
MR005731 Retinal Retinoic acid Unclear ALDH1A1 ... [2]
MR005736 Retinal Retinol Unclear RDH5 ... [2]
MR005732 Retinoic acid 4-Oxoretinoic acid Unclear CYP26A1 ... [2]
MR005734 Retinoic acid 13-cis-retinoic acid Unclear DES1 [2]
MR005737 Retinol Dihydroretinol Unclear RETSAT [2]
MR005735 13-cis-retinoic acid 9-cis-retinoic acid Unclear DES1 [2]
MR005733 4-Oxoretinoic acid 4-oxo-retinoyl glucuronide Conjugation - Glucuronidation UGT2B7 [2]
MR005738 Dihydroretinol Dihydroretinoic acid Unclear RDH5 ... [2]
MR005739 Dihydroretinoic acid 9-cis-dihydroretinoic acid Unclear RPE65 ... [2]
⏷ Show the Full List of 16 MR(s)
Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme(s) (DME) Metabolizing This Drug
DME Name DME Info Species Uniprot ID EC Number REF
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) DME0286 Homo sapiens
AL1A1_HUMAN
1.2.1.36
[2]
Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3 (ALDH1A3) DMEN146 Homo sapiens
AL1A3_HUMAN
1.2.1.36
[2]
All-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase (RETSAT) DMEN392 Homo sapiens
RETST_HUMAN
1.3.99.23
[2]
Beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase (BCO1) DME0084 Homo sapiens
BCDO1_HUMAN
1.13.11.63
[3]
Beta-carotene dioxygenase 2 (BCO2) DMEN396 Homo sapiens
BCDO2_HUMAN
1.13.11.-
[2]
cellular-retinoic acid binding protein 1 (CRAPB1) DMEN402 Homo sapiens Not Available Not Available [2]
cellular-retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRAPB2) DMEN403 Homo sapiens Not Available Not Available [2]
Cytochrome P450 26C1 (CYP26C1) DME0600 Homo sapiens
CP26C_HUMAN
1.14.11.1
[2]
Retinal dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH1A2) DME0287 Homo sapiens
AL1A2_HUMAN
1.2.1.36
[2]
Retinaldehyde-binding protein 1 (RLBP1) DMEN395 Homo sapiens
RLBP1_HUMAN
Not Available [2]
Retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase 26A1 (CYP26A1) DME0227 Homo sapiens
CP26A_HUMAN
1.14.13.-
[2]
Retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase 26B1 (CYP26B1) DME0032 Homo sapiens
CP26B_HUMAN
1.14.13.-
[2]
Retinoid isomerohydrolase (RPE65) DMEN394 Homo sapiens
RPE65_HUMAN
3.1.1.64
[2]
Retinol dehydrogenase 10 (RDH10) DMEN388 Homo sapiens
RDH10_HUMAN
1.1.1.300
[2]
Retinol dehydrogenase 5 (RDH5) DME0583 Homo sapiens
RDH5_HUMAN
1.1.1.315
[2]
Retinol-binding protein 1 (RBP1) DMEN389 Homo sapiens
RET1_HUMAN
Not Available [2]
Retinol-binding protein 2 (RBP2) DMEN390 Homo sapiens
RET2_HUMAN
Not Available [2]
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) DMEN391 Homo sapiens
RET4_HUMAN
Not Available [2]
Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase retSDR1 (DHRS3) DME0414 Homo sapiens
DHRS3_HUMAN
1.1.1.300
[2]
Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase retSDR8 (DHRS9) DME0586 Homo sapiens
DHRS9_HUMAN
1.1.1.53
[2]
Sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase DES1 (DES1) DMEN387 Homo sapiens
DEGS1_HUMAN
1.14.19.17
[2]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) DME0040 Homo sapiens
UD2B7_HUMAN
2.4.1.17
[2]
⏷ Show the Full List of 22  DME(s)
Experimental Enzyme Kinetic Data of This Drug
DME Name DME Info Kinetic Data Uniprot ID REF
Beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase (BCO1) DME0084 Km = 0.0172 microM
BCDO1_HUMAN
[3]
References
1 Beta Carotene was approved by FDA. The 2020 official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
2 #NAME?
3 Substrate specificity of purified recombinant human beta-carotene 15,15'-oxygenase (BCO1). J Biol Chem. 2013 Dec 27;288(52):37094-103.

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