General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME ID: DME0101)
DME Name Choline dehydrogenase (CHDH), Homo sapiens DME Info
UniProt ID
CHDH_HUMAN
EC Number    EC: 1.1.99.1     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Oxidoreductase
CH-OH donor oxidoreductase
CH-OH donor oxidoreductase
EC: 1.1.99.1
Lineage    Species: Homo sapiens     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage)
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Interactome
Interactions between Xenobiotics and DME (XEOTIC)
      Health or Environmental Toxicant(s)
                  Acute Toxic Substance Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Formaldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01305   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Formaldehyde inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [1]
                  Carcinogen Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Aflatoxin B1 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00806   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen-mycotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Aflatoxin B1 inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [2]
      Pharmaceutical Agent(s)
                  Approved/Marketed Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      10 Xenobiotics
                              Acetaminophen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00217   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Acetaminophen inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [3], [4]
                              Calcitriol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00184   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Calcitriol up-regulates the expression of DME CHDH [5]
                              Cisplatin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00334   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cisplatin inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [6]
                              Copper sulfate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00117   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Copper sulfate inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [7]
                              Cyclosporine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00241   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cyclosporine inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [8]
                              Estradiol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00090   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Estradiol up-regulates the expression of DME CHDH [9]
                              Leflunomide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00053   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Leflunomide inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [10], [11]
                              Teriflunomide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00749   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Teriflunomide inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [11]
                              Urethane Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00435   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Urethane inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [12]
                              Valproic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00029   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Valproic acid inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [13]
                  Preclinical/Patented Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              K-7174 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01348   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation K-7174 inhibits the expression of DME CHDH [14]
References
1 Characterization of formaldehyde's genotoxic mode of action by gene expression analysis in TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Nov;87(11):1999-2012.
2 Aflatoxin B1 induces persistent epigenomic effects in primary human hepatocytes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Toxicology. 2016 Mar 28;350-352:31-9.
3 Blood transcript immune signatures distinguish a subset of people with elevated serum ALT from others given acetaminophen. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Apr;99(4):432-41.
4 Increased mitochondrial ROS formation by acetaminophen in human hepatic cells is associated with gene expression changes suggesting disruption of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Apr 16;234(2):139-50.
5 Identification of vitamin D3 target genes in human breast cancer tissue. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Nov;164:90-97.
6 Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Sep 6;258:227-236.
7 Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
8 Integrating multiple omics to unravel mechanisms of Cyclosporin A induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Apr;29(3):489-501.
9 Genistein and bisphenol A exposure cause estrogen receptor 1 to bind thousands of sites in a cell type-specific manner. Genome Res. 2012 Nov;22(11):2153-62.
10 Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells. Toxicology. 2017 Dec 1;392:11-21.
11 Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by leflunomide and its active metabolite. Toxicology. 2018 Mar 1;396-397:33-45.
12 Defensive and adverse energy-related molecular responses precede tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate cytotoxicity. J Appl Toxicol. 2016 May;36(5):649-58.
13 Uranium exposure of human dopaminergic cells results in low cytotoxicity, accumulation within sub-cytoplasmic regions, and down regulation of MAO-B. Neurotoxicology. 2018 Sep;68:177-188.
14 A low-molecular-weight compound K7174 represses hepcidin: possible therapeutic strategy against anemia of chronic disease. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 27;8(9):e75568.

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