General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME ID: DME0125)
DME Name DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), Homo sapiens DME Info
UniProt ID
DDC_HUMAN
EC Number    EC: 4.1.1.28     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Lyases
Carbon-carbon lyase
Carboxy-lyase
EC: 4.1.1.28
Lineage    Species: Homo sapiens     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage)
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Interactome
Interactions between Xenobiotics and DME (XEOTIC)
      Fungicide(s), Herbicide(s) or Insecticide(s)
                  Herbicide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Atrazine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00969   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Herbicide
                                 DME Modulation Atrazine inhibits the expression of DME DDC [1]
      Health or Environmental Toxicant(s)
                  Acute Toxic Substance Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01119   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME DDC [2]
                              Sarin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00779   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Sarin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME DDC [3]
                  Carcinogen Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Benzo(a)pyrene Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00898   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen
                                 DME Modulation Benzo(a)pyrene inhibits the expression of DME DDC [4]
                              Aflatoxin B1 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00806   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen-mycotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Aflatoxin B1 inhibits the expression of DME DDC [5]
                  Health Hazard/Toxicant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01031   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate inhibits the expression of DME DDC [6]
      Natural Product(s), Extract(s) or Medicine(s)
                  Natural Product Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Thapsigargin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00809   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Thapsigargin inhibits the expression of DME DDC [7], [8]
      Pharmaceutical Agent(s)
                  Approved/Marketed Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      11 Xenobiotics
                              Acetaminophen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00217   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Acetaminophen inhibits the expression of DME DDC [9]
                              Azathioprine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00007   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Azathioprine inhibits the expression of DME DDC [10]
                              Belinostat Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00193   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Belinostat inhibits the expression of DME DDC [11]
                              Benserazide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00512   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Benserazide inhibits the metabolism of levodopa by DME DDC [12]
                              Carbidopa Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00684   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Carbidopa inhibits the metabolism of levodopa by DME DDC [12]
                              Copper sulfate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00117   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Copper sulfate inhibits the expression of DME DDC [13]
                              Cyclosporine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00241   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cyclosporine inhibits the expression of DME DDC [14]
                              Isotretinoin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00186   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Isotretinoin inhibits the expression of DME DDC [15]
                              Tretinoin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00253   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Tretinoin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME DDC [16]
                              Urethane Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00435   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Urethane inhibits the expression of DME DDC [17]
                              Vorinostat Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00079   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Vorinostat inhibits the expression of DME DDC [18], [11]
                  Drug in Phase 2 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Genistein Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00557   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Genistein up-regulates the expression of DME DDC [19]
                              MS-275 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00581   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation MS-275 inhibits the expression of DME DDC [11]
                  Drug in Phase 1 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Quercetin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00538   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Quercetin inhibits the expression of DME DDC [20]
                  Preclinical/Patented Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              (+)-JQ1 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00723   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation (+)-JQ1 inhibits the expression of DME DDC [21]
                              K-7174 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01348   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation K-7174 inhibits the expression of DME DDC [22]
References
1 Endoplasmic reticulum stress impairs insulin signaling through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurosignals. 2012;20(4):265-80.
2 Inhibition of human brain aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase by cooked food-derived 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2) and other heterocyclic amines. Neurosci Lett. 1990 Aug 24;116(3):372-8.
3 Combining initro and in silico approaches to evaluate the multifunctional profile of rosmarinic acid from Blechnum brasiliense on targets related to neurodegeneration. Chem Biol Interact. 2016 Jul 25;254:135-45.
4 New insights into BaP-induced toxicity: role of major metabolites in transcriptomics and contribution to hepatocarcinogenesis. Arch Toxicol. 2016 Jun;90(6):1449-58.
5 Identification of early target genes of aflatoxin B1 in human hepatocytes, inter-individual variability and comparison with other genotoxic compounds. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Jan 15;258(2):176-87.
6 Investigation of lymphocyte gene expression for use as biomarkers for zinc status in humans. J Nutr. 2004 Jul;134(7):1716-23.
7 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
8 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
9 Multiple microRNAs function as self-protective modules in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Feb;92(2):845-858.
10 A transcriptomics-based in vitro assay for predicting chemical genotoxicity in vivo. Carcinogenesis. 2012 Jul;33(7):1421-9.
11 Definition of transcriptome-based indices for quantitative characterization of chemically disturbed stem cell development: introduction of the STOP-Toxukn and STOP-Toxukk tests. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Feb;91(2):839-864.
12 Treatment of idiopathic parkinsonism with L-dopa in the absence and presence of decarboxylase inhibitors: effects on plasma levels of L-dopa, dopa decarboxylase, catecholamines and 3-O-methyl-dopa. J Neurol. 1989 May;236(4):223-30.
13 Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
14 Integrating multiple omics to unravel mechanisms of Cyclosporin A induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Apr;29(3):489-501.
15 Temporal changes in gene expression in the skin of patients treated with isotretinoin provide insight into its mechanism of action. Dermatoendocrinol. 2009 May;1(3):177-87.
16 Inhibition of human carboxylesterases hCE1 and hiCE by cholinesterase inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Mar 25;203(1):226-30.
17 Defensive and adverse energy-related molecular responses precede tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate cytotoxicity. J Appl Toxicol. 2016 May;36(5):649-58.
18 Human embryonic stem cell-derived test systems for developmental neurotoxicity: a transcriptomics approach. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Jan;87(1):123-43.
19 Using DNA microarray analyses to elucidate the effects of genistein in androgen-responsive prostate cancer cells: identification of novel targets. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Oct;41(2):108-119.
20 Disturbance of gene expression in primary human hepatocytes by hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids: A whole genome transcriptome analysis. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Oct;29(7):1669-82.
21 CCAT1 is an enhancer-templated RNA that predicts BET sensitivity in colorectal cancer. J Clin Invest. 2016 Feb;126(2):639-52.
22 A low-molecular-weight compound K7174 represses hepcidin: possible therapeutic strategy against anemia of chronic disease. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 27;8(9):e75568.

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