General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME ID: DME0079)
DME Name Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), Homo sapiens DME Info
UniProt ID
PPBT_HUMAN
EC Number    EC: 3.1.3.1     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Hydrolases
Ester bond hydrolase
Phosphoric monoester hydrolase
EC: 3.1.3.1
Lineage    Species: Homo sapiens     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage)
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Interactome
Interactions between Xenobiotics and DME (XEOTIC)
      Health or Environmental Toxicant(s)
                  Acute Toxic Substance Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Cadmium Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01503   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Cadmium inhibits the expression of DME ALPL [1]
                              Formaldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01305   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Formaldehyde up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [2]
                  Biotoxin Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              8-prenylnaringenin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01179   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Cytotoxin
                                 DME Modulation 8-prenylnaringenin induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [3]
                  Environmental Pollutant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Sodium hypochlorite Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00983   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Environmental Pollutant
                                 DME Modulation Sodium hypochlorite up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [4]
                  Health Hazard/Toxicant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Diethylhexyl phthalate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01004   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Diethylhexyl phthalate induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [5]
      Natural Product(s), Extract(s) or Medicine(s)
                  Natural Product Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Ketoglutaric acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01355   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Ketoglutaric acid up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [6]
                              Phytoestrogen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00860   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Phytoestrogen up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [7]
      Pharmaceutical Agent(s)
                  Approved/Marketed Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      23 Xenobiotics
                              Acetaminophen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00217   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Acetaminophen inhibits the expression of DME ALPL [8], [9]
                              Aluminum oxide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00836   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Aluminum oxide up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [10]
                              Calcifediol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00230   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Calcifediol induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [11]
                              Calcitriol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00184   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Calcitriol induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [11]
                              Chloramphenicol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00220   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Chloramphenicol up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [2]
                              Cyclosporine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00241   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cyclosporine induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [12]
                              Deferoxamine mesylate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00286   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Deferoxamine mesylate inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [13]
                              Dexamethasone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00088   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dexamethasone up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [14]
                              Fenofibrate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00035   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Fenofibrate inhibits the expression of DME ALPL [15]
                              Hydrogen peroxide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00388   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Hydrogen peroxide inhibits the expression of DME ALPL [16]
                              Pamidronate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00371   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Pamidronate up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [17]
                              Procaine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00073   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Procaine up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [18]
                              Progesterone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00094   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Progesterone inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [19]
                              Rosiglitazone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00380   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Rosiglitazone inhibits the expression of DME ALPL [20]
                              Sodium fluoride F-18 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00422   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Sodium fluoride F-18 up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [21]
                              Titanium dioxide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00425   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Titanium dioxide up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [22]
                              Tretinoin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00253   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Tretinoin up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [23]
                              Valproic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00029   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Valproic acid induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [24]
                              Bezafibrate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00493   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Bezafibrate inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [25]
                              Calcium chloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00837   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Calcium chloride up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [26]
                              Falecalcitriol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00459   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Falecalcitriol up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [27]
                              Glucosamine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00502   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Glucosamine induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [28]
                              Melatonin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00505   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Melatonin induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [29]
                  Drug in Phase 2 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Bisphenol A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01226   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Bisphenol A inhibits the expression of DME ALPL [30]
                              Ethanol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00539   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Ethanol inhibits the expression of DME ALPL [31]
                  Drug in Phase 1 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        3 Xenobiotics
                              Chitosan Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00621   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1/2
                                 DME Modulation Chitosan induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [32]
                              Aldosterone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00534   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Aldosterone up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [33]
                              Xanthohumol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00636   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Xanthohumol induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [34]
                  Preclinical/Patented Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Eugenol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00885   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation Eugenol up-regulates the expression of DME ALPL [2]
                              GSK-126 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01323   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation GSK-126 induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME ALPL [35]
References
1 Effects of sub-toxic Cadmium concentrations on bone gene expression program: results of an in vitro study. Toxicol In Vitro. 2010 Sep;24(6):1670-80.
2 Sensitivity of human dental pulp cells to eighteen chemical agents used for endodontic treatments in dentistry. Odontology. 2013 Jan;101(1):43-51.
3 Regulation of osteoblastic phenotype and gene expression by hop-derived phytoestrogens. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Sep;96(5):387-99.
4 Cellular and molecular effects of prolonged low-level sodium arsenite exposure on human hepatic HepaRG cells. Toxicol Sci. 2018 Apr 1;162(2):676-687.
5 Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate induces apoptosis via the PPARgama/PTEN/AKT pathway in differentiated human embryonic stem cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Sep;131:110552.
6 Alpha ketoglutarate exerts a pro-osteogenic effect in osteoblast cell lines through activation of JNK and mTOR/S6K1/S6 signaling pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Jul 1;374:53-64.
7 A transcriptome-based classifier to identify developmental toxicants by stem cell testing: design, validation and optimization for histone deacetylase inhibitors. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Sep;89(9):1599-618.
8 Gene expression analysis of precision-cut human liver slices indicates stable expression of ADME-Tox related genes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 May 15;253(1):57-69.
9 Multiple microRNAs function as self-protective modules in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Feb;92(2):845-858.
10 The effects of implant surface nanoscale features on osteoblast-specific gene expression. Biomaterials. 2009 Sep;30(25):4053-62.
11 Effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) on proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of human marrow stromal cells require CYP27B1/1alpha-hydroxylase. J Bone Miner Res. 2011 May;26(5):1145-53.
12 Bone-alkaline phosphatase as indicator of bone formation. Clin Chim Acta. 1991 Sep 14;201(1-2):27-33.
13 Facilitation of human osteoblast apoptosis by sulindac and indomethacin under hypoxic injury. J Cell Biochem. 2012 Jan;113(1):148-55.
14 Parathyroid hormone 1-34 reduces dexamethasone-induced terminal differentiation in human articular chondrocytes. Toxicology. 2016 Aug 10;368-369:116-128.
15 Transcriptomic analysis of untreated and drug-treated differentiated HepaRG cells over a 2-week period. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Dec 25;30(1 Pt A):27-35.
16 Protective effects of myricitrin against osteoporosis via reducing reactive oxygen species and bone-resorbing cytokines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Nov 1;280(3):550-60.
17 Protective role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha-dependent CD39 and CD73 in fulminant acute liver failure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017 Jan 1;314:72-81.
18 Gene expression changes in human lung cells exposed to arsenic, chromium, nickel or vanadium indicate the first steps in cancer. Metallomics. 2012 Aug;4(8):784-93.
19 Potential of pranlukast and zafirlukast in the inhibition of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Xenobiotica. 2004 May;34(5):429-38.
20 Characterization of primary human hepatocytes, HepG2 cells, and HepaRG cells at the mRNA level and CYP activity in response to inducers and their predictivity for the detection of human hepatotoxins. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2012 Apr;28(2):69-87.
21 Zinc deficiency and arsenic exposure can act both independently or cooperatively to affect Zinc status, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2019 Oct;191(2):370-381.
22 Chemical stresses fail to mimic the unfolded protein response resulting from luminal load with unfolded polypeptides. J Biol Chem. 2018 Apr 13;293(15):5600-5612.
23 Comparison of cellular and transcriptomic effects between electronic cigarette vapor and cigarette smoke in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Dec;45(Pt 3):417-425.
24 U0126, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1 and 2) inhibitor, selectively up-regulates main isoforms of CYP3A subfamily via a pregnane X receptor (PXR) in HepG2 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2014 Dec;88(12):2243-59.
25 The effect of bezafibrate treatment on serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme activities. Metabolism. 1993 Jul;42(7):839-42.
26 Proteomic analysis of the effect of extracellular calcium ions on human mesenchymal stem cells: Implications for bone tissue engineering. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 May 25;233:139-46.
27 A highly potent 26,27-Hexafluoro-1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on calcification in SV40-transformed human fetal osteoblastic cells. Calcif Tissue Int. 2002 Jun;70(6):488-95.
28 Glucosamine promotes osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells through modulating the level of the transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor. J Cell Physiol. 2010 Oct;225(1):140-51.
29 The pregnane X receptor regulates gene expression in a ligand- and promoter-selective fashion. Mol Endocrinol. 2005 May;19(5):1170-80.
30 Cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells alter their gene expression when challenged with endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Toxicology. 2013 Jan 7;303:17-24.
31 Chronic ethanol exposure increases goosecoid (GSC) expression in human embryonic carcinoma cell differentiation. J Appl Toxicol. 2014 Jan;34(1):66-75.
32 Improving effects of chitosan nanofiber scaffolds on osteoblast proliferation and maturation. Int J Nanomedicine. 2014 Sep 9;9:4293-304.
33 Novel pathways of endocrine disruption through pesticides interference with human mineralocorticoid receptors. Toxicol Sci. 2018 Mar 1;162(1):53-63.
34 Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) pre-exposure contributes to the anti-oxidant response impairment in hCMEC/D3 during post-oxygen and glucose deprivation damage. Toxicol Lett. 2017 May 15;274:1-7.
35 Epigenetic control of skeletal development by the histone methyltransferase Ezh2. J Biol Chem. 2015 Nov 13;290(46):27604-17.

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