General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME ID: DME0054)
DME Name Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), Homo sapiens DME Info
UniProt ID
EST1_HUMAN
EC Number    EC: 3.1.1.1     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Hydrolases
Ester bond hydrolase
Carboxylic ester hydrolase
EC: 3.1.1.1
Lineage    Species: Homo sapiens     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage)
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Interactome
Interactions between Xenobiotics and DME (XEOTIC)
      Fungicide(s), Herbicide(s) or Insecticide(s)
                  Pesticide/Insecticide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Azinphosmethyl Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01038   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Pesticide/Insecticide
                                 DME Modulation Azinphosmethyl inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [1]
      Health or Environmental Toxicant(s)
                  Acute Toxic Substance Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Chlorpyrifos Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01248   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Chlorpyrifos inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [1]
                              Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01427   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [2]
                  Biotoxin Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Cylindrospermopsin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00905   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Cyanotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Cylindrospermopsin inhibits the expression of DME CES1 [3]
                  Carcinogen Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Dimethyl nitrosamine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01006   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen
                                 DME Modulation Dimethyl nitrosamine up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [4]
                  Environmental Pollutant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              2-tert-butylhydroquinone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01129   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Environmental Pollutant
                                 DME Modulation 2-tert-butylhydroquinone up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 and leads to increasing the drug-metabolizing activity of this enzyme [5]
                              Galaxolide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00984   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Environmental Pollutant
                                 DME Modulation Galaxolide inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [6]
                  Health Hazard/Toxicant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Butyraldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00999   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Butyraldehyde inhibits the expression of DME CES1 [7]
                              Pirinixic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01433   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Pirinixic acid inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [8]
      Natural Product(s), Extract(s) or Medicine(s)
                  Natural Product Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Cholesterol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01250   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Cholesterol up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [9]
                              Cinnamic aldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01253   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Cinnamic aldehyde up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [10]
      Pharmaceutical Agent(s)
                  Approved/Marketed Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      17 Xenobiotics
                              Acetaminophen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00217   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Acetaminophen inhibits the expression of DME CES1 [11]
                              Amiodarone hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00277   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Amiodarone hydrochloride up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [12]
                              Ampicillin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00096   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Ampicillin up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [13]
                              Avobenzone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00411   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Avobenzone up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [14]
                              Copper sulfate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00117   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Copper sulfate up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [15]
                              Cyclosporine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00241   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cyclosporine up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [12]
                              Dasatinib Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00181   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dasatinib up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [16]
                              Dexamethasone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00088   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dexamethasone induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [17]
                              Everolimus Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00191   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Everolimus inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [18]
                              Hydroquinone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00430   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Hydroquinone up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [19]
                              Penicillin V Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00099   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Penicillin V up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [20]
                              Phenobarbital Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00410   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Phenobarbital up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [21]
                              Pioglitazone hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00319   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Pioglitazone hydrochloride up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [22]
                              Rifampin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00223   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Rifampin induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [23]
                              Rosiglitazone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00380   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Rosiglitazone induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [24]
                              Tacrine hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00328   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Tacrine hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 (IC50 > 100 microM) [25]
                              Valproic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00029   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Valproic acid up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [26], [27]
                  Drug in Phase 3 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Sulforafan Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01478   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Sulforafan induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [28], [29]
                              Vitamin E Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00547   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Vitamin E up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [30]
                  Drug in Phase 2 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Bisphenol A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01226   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Bisphenol A up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [31]
                              MS-275 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00581   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation MS-275 up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [32]
                  Drug in Phase 1 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Dinitrochlorobenzene Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00571   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Dinitrochlorobenzene up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [10]
                              URB-597 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00639   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation URB-597 inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [33]
                  Preclinical/Patented Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Gardiquimod Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00722   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation Gardiquimod up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [34]
                              K-7174 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01348   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation K-7174 up-regulates the expression of DME CES1 [35]
                  Investigative Agent Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        7 Xenobiotics
                              27-hydroxycholesterol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01117   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation 27-hydroxycholesterol inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [36]
                              4-hydroxy-2-nonenal Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00869   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [37]
                              5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic Acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01158   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic Acid inhibits the expression of DME CES1 [38]
                              Arachidonic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00876   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Arachidonic acid inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [36]
                              Ciglitazone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00767   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Ciglitazone inhibits the expression of DME CES1 [38]
                              Prostaglandin J2 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01182   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Prostaglandin J2 inhibits the expression of DME CES1 [38]
                              Tolserine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01488   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Tolserine inhibits the expression of DME CES1 [39]
      Other Chemical Compound(s) or Element(s)
                  Chemical Compound Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Acridine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00785   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Chemical Compound
                                 DME Modulation Acridine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CES1 [40]
References
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2 Xenobiotic CAR activators induce Dlk1-Dio3 locus noncoding RNA expression in mouse liver. Toxicol Sci. 2017 Aug 1;158(2):367-378.
3 Cylindrospermopsin induced transcriptional responses in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Sep;27(6):1809-19.
4 Classification of heavy-metal toxicity by human DNA microarray analysis. Environ Sci Technol. 2007 May 15;41(10):3769-74.
5 Transcriptional regulation of human carboxylesterase 1A1 by nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Jan 15;79(2):288-95.
6 Inhibition of polyisoprenylated methylated protein methyl esterase by synthetic musks induces cell degeneration. Environ Toxicol. 2014 Apr;29(4):466-77.
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8 Human fecal water inhibits COX-2 in colonic HT-29 cells: role of phenolic compounds. J Nutr. 2005 Oct;135(10):2343-9.
9 Purification, cloning, and expression of a human enzyme with acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase activity, which is identical to liver carboxylesterase. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994 Aug;14(8):1346-55.
10 Comparative DNA microarray analysis of human monocyte derived dendritic cells and MUTZ-3 cells exposed to the moderate skin sensitizer cinnamaldehyde. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Sep 15;239(3):273-83.
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12 Proteomics investigations of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Toxicol Sci. 2011 Mar;120(1):109-22.
13 Evaluation of the sensitizing potential of antibiotics in vitro using the human cell lines THP-1 and MUTZ-LC and primary monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Aug 1;262(3):283-92.
14 A long-wave UVA filter avobenzone induces obesogenic phenotypes in normal human epidermal keratinocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Jul;93(7):1903-1915.
15 Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
16 Dasatinib reverses cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from primary lung carcinomas to a phenotype comparable to that of normal fibroblasts. Mol Cancer. 2010 Jun 27;9:168.
17 Dexamethasone differentially regulates expression of carboxylesterase genes in humans and rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):186-91.
18 P-glycoprotein, CYP3A, and plasma carboxylesterase determine brain and blood disposition of the mTOR Inhibitor everolimus (Afinitor) in mice. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Jun 15;20(12):3133-45.
19 Keratinocyte-derived IL-36gama plays a role in hydroquinone-induced chemical leukoderma through inhibition of melanogenesis in human epidermal melanocytes. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Aug;93(8):2307-2320.
20 Global gene expression profiling of human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to airborne fine particulate matter collected from Wuhan, China. Toxicol Lett. 2014 Jul 3;228(1):25-33.
21 Pyrethroids: cytotoxicity and induction of CYP isoforms in human hepatocytes. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2008;23(3-4):211-36.
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23 Apoptosis induced by capsaicin and resveratrol in colon carcinoma cells requires nitric oxide production and caspase activation. Anticancer Res. 2009 Oct;29(10):3733-40.
24 Rifampicin exacerbates isoniazid-induced toxicity in human but not in rat hepatocytes in tissue-like cultures. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Feb;153(4):784-91.
25 Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of N,N-disubstituted 2-aminothiazolines as a new class of butyrylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem. 2016 Mar 1;24(5):1050-62.
26 Chemical stresses fail to mimic the unfolded protein response resulting from luminal load with unfolded polypeptides. J Biol Chem. 2018 Apr 13;293(15):5600-5612.
27 Endoplasmic reticulum stress impairs insulin signaling through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurosignals. 2012;20(4):265-80.
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29 Taurocholate induces cyclooxygenase-2 expression via the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 in a human cholangiocarcinoma cell line. J Biol Chem. 2015 Dec 25;290(52):30988-1002.
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31 Bisphenol A and bisphenol S induce distinct transcriptional profiles in differentiating human primary preadipocytes. PLoS One. 2016 Sep 29;11(9):e0163318.
32 Definition of transcriptome-based indices for quantitative characterization of chemically disturbed stem cell development: introduction of the STOP-Toxukn and STOP-Toxukk tests. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Feb;91(2):839-864.
33 Parabens inhibit fatty acid amide hydrolase: a potential role in paraben-enhanced 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Nov 16;262:92-99.
34 Selective IRAK4 inhibition attenuates disease in murine lupus models and demonstrates steroid sparing activity. J Immunol. 2017 Feb 1;198(3):1308-1319.
35 A low-molecular-weight compound K7174 represses hepcidin: possible therapeutic strategy against anemia of chronic disease. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 27;8(9):e75568.
36 Inhibition of carboxylesterase activity of THP1 monocytes/macrophages and recombinant human carboxylesterase 1 by oxysterols and fatty acids. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Jan;1801(1):31-41.
37 Catabolism of 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal by THP1 monocytes/macrophages and inactivation of carboxylesterases by this lipid electrophile. Chem Biol Interact. 2011 Oct 15;194(1):1-12.
38 Cloning of the human cholesteryl ester hydrolase promoter: identification of functional peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor responsive elements. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 22;284(4):1065-70.
39 Comparison of cellular and transcriptomic effects between electronic cigarette vapor and cigarette smoke in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Dec;45(Pt 3):417-425.
40 Inhibition of human carboxylesterases hCE1 and hiCE by cholinesterase inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Mar 25;203(1):226-30.

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