General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME ID: DME0076)
DME Name NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), Homo sapiens DME Info
UniProt ID
NCPR_HUMAN
EC Number    EC: 1.6.2.4     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Oxidoreductase
NADH/NADPH oxidoreductase
Heme protein acceptor oxidoreductase
EC: 1.6.2.4
Lineage    Species: Homo sapiens     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage)
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Interactome
Interactions between Xenobiotics and DME (XEOTIC)
      Fungicide(s), Herbicide(s) or Insecticide(s)
                  Herbicide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Atrazine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00969   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Herbicide
                                 DME Modulation Atrazine up-regulates the expression of DME POR [1]
                  Pesticide/Insecticide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Pentachlorophenol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01605   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Pesticide/Insecticide
                                 DME Modulation Pentachlorophenol up-regulates the expression of DME POR [2]
      Health or Environmental Toxicant(s)
                  Acute Toxic Substance Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        4 Xenobiotics
                              Cycloheximide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01268   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Cycloheximide inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [3]
                              Fipronil Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01302   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Fipronil up-regulates the expression of DME POR [4]
                              Perfluorodecanoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01018   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Perfluorodecanoic acid up-regulates the expression of DME POR [5]
                              Sarin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00779   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Sarin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [6]
                  Carcinogen Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Benzo(a)pyrene Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00898   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen
                                 DME Modulation Benzo(a)pyrene inhibits the expression of DME POR [7]
                              Aflatoxin B1 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00806   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen-mycotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Aflatoxin B1 inhibits the expression of DME POR [8]
                  Environmental Pollutant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Perfluorohexanoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00920   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Environmental Pollutant
                                 DME Modulation Perfluorohexanoic acid up-regulates the expression of DME POR [9]
                  Health Hazard/Toxicant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01031   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate up-regulates the expression of DME POR [10]
      Natural Product(s), Extract(s) or Medicine(s)
                  Natural Mixture Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        3 Xenobiotics
                              Dust Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01284   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Mixture
                                 DME Modulation Dust up-regulates the expression of DME POR [11]
                              Tobacco smoke pollution Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00821   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Mixture
                                 DME Modulation Tobacco smoke pollution inhibits the expression of DME POR [12]
                              Vitallium Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01511   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Mixture
                                 DME Modulation Vitallium up-regulates the expression of DME POR [13]
                  Natural Product Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        3 Xenobiotics
                              6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01166   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [14]
                              Cinnamic aldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01253   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Cinnamic aldehyde up-regulates the expression of DME POR [15]
                              Hyperforin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01335   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Hyperforin up-regulates the expression of DME POR [16]
                  Traditional Medicine Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Jinfukang Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00760   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Traditional Medicine
                                 DME Modulation Jinfukang up-regulates the expression of DME POR [17]
      Pharmaceutical Agent(s)
                  Approved/Marketed Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      13 Xenobiotics
                              Acetaminophen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00217   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Acetaminophen up-regulates the expression of DME POR [18]
                              Aspirin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00213   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Aspirin inhibits the expression of DME POR [19]
                              Carbamazepine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00011   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Carbamazepine up-regulates the expression of DME POR [20]
                              Cyclosporine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00241   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cyclosporine inhibits the expression of DME POR [7]
                              Dimethyl sulfoxide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00001   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dimethyl sulfoxide inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [21]
                              Doxorubicin hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00292   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Doxorubicin hydrochloride inhibits the expression of DME POR [22]
                              Fenofibrate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00035   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Fenofibrate up-regulates the expression of DME POR [23]
                              Leflunomide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00053   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Leflunomide up-regulates the expression of DME POR [24]
                              Pyrithione zinc Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00399   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Pyrithione zinc inhibits the expression of DME POR [25]
                              Rosiglitazone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00380   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Rosiglitazone up-regulates the expression of DME POR [26]
                              Tretinoin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00253   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Tretinoin induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [27], [28]
                              Troglitazone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00086   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Troglitazone up-regulates the expression of DME POR [29]
                              Hemin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01328   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Hemin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [21]
                  Drug in Phase 3 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        3 Xenobiotics
                              Diethyltoluamide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00582   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Diethyltoluamide up-regulates the expression of DME POR [4]
                              Epigallocatechin gallate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00613   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Epigallocatechin gallate induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [30]
                              Vitamin E Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00547   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Vitamin E up-regulates the expression of DME POR [31]
                  Drug in Phase 2 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              AM-80 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00622   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2/3
                                 DME Modulation AM-80 induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [32]
                              Bisphenol A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01226   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Bisphenol A up-regulates the expression of DME POR [33]
                  Drug in Phase 1 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Quercetin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00538   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Quercetin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME POR [34]
                              Sodium arsenite Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00632   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Sodium arsenite up-regulates the expression of DME POR [35]
References
1 Endoplasmic reticulum stress impairs insulin signaling through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurosignals. 2012;20(4):265-80.
2 A transcriptome-based classifier to identify developmental toxicants by stem cell testing: design, validation and optimization for histone deacetylase inhibitors. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Sep;89(9):1599-618.
3 Instability of the human cytochrome p450 reductase A287P variant is the major contributor to its antley-bixler syndrome-like phenotype. J Biol Chem. 2016 Sep 23;291(39):20487-502.
4 Impact of environmental chemicals on the transcriptome of primary human hepatocytes: potential for health effects. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2016 Aug;30(8):375-95.
5 D-Penicillamine targets metastatic melanoma cells with induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and Noxa (PMAIP1)-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2012 Oct;17(10):1079-94.
6 Cinnamic acid based thiazolidinediones inhibit human P450c17 and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and improve insulin sensitivity independent of PPARgamma agonist activity. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Apr;32(2):425-36.
7 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
8 Aflatoxin B1 induces persistent epigenomic effects in primary human hepatocytes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Toxicology. 2016 Mar 28;350-352:31-9.
9 Identification of transcriptome signatures and biomarkers specific for potential developmental toxicants inhibiting human neural crest cell migration. Arch Toxicol. 2016 Jan;90(1):159-80.
10 Motexafin gadolinium and zinc induce oxidative stress responses and apoptosis in B-cell lymphoma lines. Cancer Res. 2005 Dec 15;65(24):11676-88.
11 Differential response of Mono Mac 6, BEAS-2B, and Jurkat cells to indoor dust. Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Sep;115(9):1325-32.
12 Definition of transcriptome-based indices for quantitative characterization of chemically disturbed stem cell development: introduction of the STOP-Toxukn and STOP-Toxukk tests. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Feb;91(2):839-864.
13 From transient transcriptome responses to disturbed neurodevelopment: role of histone acetylation and methylation as epigenetic switch between reversible and irreversible drug effects. Arch Toxicol. 2014 Jul;88(7):1451-68.
14 Inhibition of CYP3A4 by 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin in human CYP3A4 over-expressed hepG2 cells. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2012 Dec;64(12):1715-21.
15 The cinnamon-derived Michael acceptor cinnamic aldehyde impairs melanoma cell proliferation, invasiveness, and tumor growth. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009 Jan 15;46(2):220-31.
16 No activation of human pregnane X receptor by hyperforin-related phloroglucinols. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2014 Mar;348(3):393-400.
17 Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Sep 6;258:227-236.
18 Gene expression analysis of precision-cut human liver slices indicates stable expression of ADME-Tox related genes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2011 May 15;253(1):57-69.
19 Expression profile analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to aspirin. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2005 Mar-Apr;53(2):151-8.
20 Transcriptional profiling of genes induced in the livers of patients treated with carbamazepine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Nov;80(5):440-456.
21 Human NADPH-P450 oxidoreductase modulates the level of cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 holoprotein via haem oxygenase-dependent and -independent pathways. Biochem J. 2001 Jun 1;356(Pt 2):613-9.
22 Bringing in vitro analysis closer to in vivo: studying doxorubicin toxicity and associated mechanisms in 3D human microtissues with PBPK-based dose modelling. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:184-192.
23 Transcriptomic analysis of untreated and drug-treated differentiated HepaRG cells over a 2-week period. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Dec 25;30(1 Pt A):27-35.
24 Endoplasmic reticulum stress and MAPK signaling pathway activation underlie leflunomide-induced toxicity in HepG2 Cells. Toxicology. 2017 Dec 1;392:11-21.
25 Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles highlights aldehyde-induced inflammatory responses in cells relevant for lung toxicity. Toxicology. 2015 Aug 6;334:111-21.
26 Integrated analysis of rifampicin-induced microRNA and gene expression changes in human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2014;29(4):333-40.
27 Comparative biological impacts of an aerosol from carbon-heated tobacco and smoke from cigarettes on human respiratory epithelial cultures: a systems toxicology assessment. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 May;115:109-126.
28 Assessment of the impact of aerosol from a potential modified risk tobacco product compared with cigarette smoke on human organotypic oral epithelial cultures under different exposure regimens. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 May;115:148-169.
29 Transcriptome and DNA methylome dynamics during triclosan-induced cardiomyocyte differentiation toxicity. Stem Cells Int. 2018 Oct 29;2018:8608327.
30 Activity of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase of the human heart, liver and lungs in the presence of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin and resveratrol: an in vitro study. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005 Aug;97(2):74-9.
31 Stem cell transcriptome responses and corresponding biomarkers that indicate the transition from adaptive responses to cytotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 Apr 17;30(4):905-922.
32 Major differences among chemopreventive organoselenocompounds in the sustained elevation of cytoprotective genes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2012 Sep;26(9):344-53.
33 Bisphenol A induces DSB-ATM-p53 signaling leading to cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, stress response, and estrogen release in human fetal lung fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Apr;92(4):1453-1469.
34 Investigation of the reactivation kinetics of a large series of bispyridinium oximes with organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Feb 26;244:136-142.
35 Pleiotropic effects of the sirtuin inhibitor sirtinol involves concentration-dependent modulation of multiple nuclear receptor-mediated pathways in androgen-responsive prostate cancer cell LNCaP. Mol Carcinog. 2013 Sep;52(9):676-85.

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