General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME ID: DME0413)
DME Name Delta(24)-sterol reductase (DHCR24), Homo sapiens DME Info
UniProt ID
DHC24_HUMAN
EC Number    EC: 1.3.1.72     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Oxidoreductase
CH-CH donor oxidoreductase
NAD/NADP acceptor oxidoreductase
EC: 1.3.1.72
Lineage    Species: Homo sapiens     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage)
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Interactome
Interactions between Xenobiotics and DME (XEOTIC)
      Fungicide(s), Herbicide(s) or Insecticide(s)
                  Herbicide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Atrazine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00969   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Herbicide
                                 DME Modulation Atrazine inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [1]
      Health or Environmental Toxicant(s)
                  Acute Toxic Substance Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Formaldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01305   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Formaldehyde inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [2]
                              Nickel chloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01397   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Nickel chloride inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [3]
                  Biotoxin Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Dinophysistoxin 1 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00813   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Biotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Dinophysistoxin 1 inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [4]
                  Carcinogen Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        3 Xenobiotics
                              Benzo(a)pyrene Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00898   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen
                                 DME Modulation Benzo(a)pyrene inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [5], [6]
                              Ethyl methanesulfonate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00772   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen
                                 DME Modulation Ethyl methanesulfonate inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [2]
                              Aflatoxin B1 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00806   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen-mycotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Aflatoxin B1 inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [7]
                  Environmental Pollutant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Diarylpropionitrile Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01273   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Environmental Pollutant
                                 DME Modulation Diarylpropionitrile up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [8]
                  Health Hazard/Toxicant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Butyraldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00999   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Butyraldehyde inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [9]
                              Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01031   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [10]
      Natural Product(s), Extract(s) or Medicine(s)
                  Natural Mixture Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Tobacco smoke pollution Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00821   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Mixture
                                 DME Modulation Tobacco smoke pollution inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [11]
                  Natural Product Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Tunicamycin A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01494   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Tunicamycin A inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [12]
                  Traditional Medicine Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Jinfukang Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00760   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Traditional Medicine
                                 DME Modulation Jinfukang up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [13]
      Pharmaceutical Agent(s)
                  Approved/Marketed Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      15 Xenobiotics
                              Acetaminophen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00217   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Acetaminophen inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [14]
                              Calcitriol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00184   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Calcitriol up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [15]
                              Cisplatin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00334   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cisplatin inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [16]
                              Copper sulfate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00117   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Copper sulfate inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [17]
                              Cyclosporine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00241   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cyclosporine inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [18], [19]
                              Cytarabine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00097   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cytarabine inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [20]
                              Dexamethasone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00088   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dexamethasone up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [21]
                              Dutasteride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00192   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dutasteride inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [22]
                              Estradiol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00090   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Estradiol inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [23], [24]
                              Isotretinoin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00186   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Isotretinoin inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [25]
                              Nebivolol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00370   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Nebivolol up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [26]
                              Raloxifene hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00126   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Raloxifene hydrochloride inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [27]
                              Simvastatin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00125   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Simvastatin up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [28]
                              Valproic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00029   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Valproic acid inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [29], [30]
                              Vorinostat Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00079   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Vorinostat inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [31]
                  Drug in Phase 2 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Bisphenol A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01226   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Bisphenol A up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [32]
                              Genistein Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00557   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Genistein inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [33]
                  Drug in Phase 1 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Dihydrotestosterone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00536   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Dihydrotestosterone up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [34]
                              Quercetin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00538   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Quercetin inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [27]
                  Preclinical/Patented Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              GSK-J4 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01324   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation GSK-J4 inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [35]
                              ICG-001 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01336   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation ICG-001 inhibits the expression of DME DHCR24 [36]
                  Investigative Agent Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Archazolid B Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01205   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Archazolid B up-regulates the expression of DME DHCR24 [37]
                              PP242 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01436   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation PP242 inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME DHCR24 [38]
References
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2 Characterization of formaldehyde's genotoxic mode of action by gene expression analysis in TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Nov;87(11):1999-2012.
3 Gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Chinese nickel refinery workers with high exposures to nickel and control subjects. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 Feb;22(2):261-9.
4 Whole genome mRNA transcriptomics analysis reveals different modes of action of the diarrheic shellfish poisons okadaic acid and dinophysis toxin-1 versus azaspiracid-1 in Caco-2 cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2018 Feb;46:102-112.
5 New insights into BaP-induced toxicity: role of major metabolites in transcriptomics and contribution to hepatocarcinogenesis. Arch Toxicol. 2016 Jun;90(6):1449-58.
6 Transcriptional signature of human macrophages exposed to the environmental contaminant benzo(a)pyrene. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Apr;114(2):247-59.
7 Aflatoxin B1 induces persistent epigenomic effects in primary human hepatocytes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Toxicology. 2016 Mar 28;350-352:31-9.
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11 Comparative biological impacts of an aerosol from carbon-heated tobacco and smoke from cigarettes on human respiratory epithelial cultures: a systems toxicology assessment. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 May;115:109-126.
12 Defensive and adverse energy-related molecular responses precede tris (1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate cytotoxicity. J Appl Toxicol. 2016 May;36(5):649-58.
13 Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Sep 6;258:227-236.
14 Multiple microRNAs function as self-protective modules in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Feb;92(2):845-858.
15 Identification of vitamin D3 target genes in human breast cancer tissue. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Nov;164:90-97.
16 Low doses of cisplatin induce gene alterations, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biomark Insights. 2016 Aug 24;11:113-21.
17 Physiological and toxicological transcriptome changes in HepG2 cells exposed to copper. Physiol Genomics. 2009 Aug 7;38(3):386-401.
18 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
19 Integrating multiple omics to unravel mechanisms of Cyclosporin A induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Apr;29(3):489-501.
20 Cytosine arabinoside induces ectoderm and inhibits mesoderm expression in human embryonic stem cells during multilineage differentiation. Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;162(8):1743-56.
21 Identification of mechanisms of action of bisphenol a-induced human preadipocyte differentiation by transcriptional profiling. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Nov;22(11):2333-43.
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23 Evaluation of estrogenic activity of phthalate esters by gene expression profiling using a focused microarray (EstrArray). Environ Toxicol Chem. 2008 Jun;27(6):1416-25.
24 Molecular mechanism of action of bisphenol and bisphenol A mediated by oestrogen receptor alpha in growth and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 May;169(1):167-78.
25 Temporal changes in gene expression in the skin of patients treated with isotretinoin provide insight into its mechanism of action. Dermatoendocrinol. 2009 May;1(3):177-87.
26 SWCNTs induced autophagic cell death in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2014 Apr;28(3):442-50.
27 Comparison of phenotypic and transcriptomic effects of false-positive genotoxins, true genotoxins and non-genotoxins using HepG2 cells. Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep;26(5):593-604.
28 Transcriptional responses of human aortic endothelial cells to nanoconstructs used in biomedical applications. Mol Pharm. 2013 Aug 5;10(8):3242-52.
29 Stem cell transcriptome responses and corresponding biomarkers that indicate the transition from adaptive responses to cytotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 Apr 17;30(4):905-922.
30 Human embryonic stem cell-derived test systems for developmental neurotoxicity: a transcriptomics approach. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Jan;87(1):123-43.
31 Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
32 Bisphenol A induces DSB-ATM-p53 signaling leading to cell cycle arrest, senescence, autophagy, stress response, and estrogen release in human fetal lung fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Apr;92(4):1453-1469.
33 Using DNA microarray analyses to elucidate the effects of genistein in androgen-responsive prostate cancer cells: identification of novel targets. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Oct;41(2):108-119.
34 LSD1 activates a lethal prostate cancer gene network independently of its demethylase function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 May 1;115(18):E4179-E4188.
35 Inhibition of histone H3K27 demethylases selectively modulates inflammatory phenotypes of natural killer cells. J Biol Chem. 2018 Feb 16;293(7):2422-2437.
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38 Potassium bromate causes cell lysis and induces oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Environ Toxicol. 2014 Feb;29(2):138-45.

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