Details of Xenobiotics-DME Interaction (XEOTIC)

General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME ID: DME0019)
DME Name Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), Homo sapiens DME Info
UniProt ID
CP2C9_HUMAN
EC Number    EC: 1.14.14.1     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Oxidoreductase
Oxygen paired donor oxidoreductase
Flavin/flavoprotein donor oxidoreductase
EC: 1.14.14.1
Lineage    Species: Homo sapiens     (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage)
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Interactome
Interactions between Xenobiotics and DME (XEOTIC)
      Fungicide(s), Herbicide(s) or Insecticide(s)
                  Fungicide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Cyproconazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00942   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Fungicide
                                 DME Modulation Cyproconazole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [1]
                  Herbicide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              Clofibric acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01257   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Herbicide
                                 DME Modulation Clofibric acid up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [2]
                              Isoproturon Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00975   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Herbicide
                                 DME Modulation Isoproturon inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [3]
                  Pesticide/Insecticide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        5 Xenobiotics
                              Cypermethrin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01046   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Pesticide/Insecticide
                                 DME Modulation Cypermethrin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [3]
                              Decamethrin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01047   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Pesticide/Insecticide
                                 DME Modulation Decamethrin up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [4]
                              Fenitrothion Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01052   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Pesticide/Insecticide
                                 DME Modulation Fenitrothion inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [5], [6]
                              Fenvalerate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01053   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Pesticide/Insecticide
                                 DME Modulation Fenvalerate up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [4]
                              Parathion Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01064   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Pesticide/Insecticide
                                 DME Modulation Parathion induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [7]
      Health or Environmental Toxicant(s)
                  Acute Toxic Substance Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        4 Xenobiotics
                              Cadmium Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01503   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Cadmium induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [8]
                              Fipronil Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01302   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Fipronil up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [9]
                              Kaempferol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01353   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Kaempferol inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (Ki = 6 microM) [10]
                              Ochratoxin A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01407   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Acute Toxic Substance
                                 DME Modulation Ochratoxin A up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [11]
                  Biotoxin Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Cylindrospermopsin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00905   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Cyanotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Cylindrospermopsin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [12]
                  Carcinogen Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Aflatoxin B1 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00806   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Carcinogen-mycotoxin
                                 DME Modulation Aflatoxin B1 inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [13]
                  Environmental Pollutant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        2 Xenobiotics
                              2-tert-butylhydroquinone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01129   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Environmental Pollutant
                                 DME Modulation 2-tert-butylhydroquinone induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [14]
                              Glyphosate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01320   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Environmental Pollutant
                                 DME Modulation Glyphosate inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [5]
                  Health Hazard/Toxicant Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        3 Xenobiotics
                              Alpha-linolenic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00873   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Alpha-linolenic acid inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [15]
                              Butyraldehyde Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00999   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Butyraldehyde up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [16]
                              Lead Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01505   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Health Hazard
                                 DME Modulation Lead inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [17]
                  Mycotoxin Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Sporidesmin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00936   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Fungal Toxin
                                 DME Modulation Sporidesmin up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [18]
      Natural Product(s), Extract(s) or Medicine(s)
                  Natural Mixture Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Cyclodextrins Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00857   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Mixture
                                 DME Modulation Cyclodextrins induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [19]
                  Natural Product Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      16 Xenobiotics
                              5-methyltryptamine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01518   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation 5-methyltryptamine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [20]
                              7-hydroxyflavone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01176   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation 7-hydroxyflavone inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                              Apigenin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01203   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Apigenin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                              Apocarotenal Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01523   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Apocarotenal up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [22]
                              Baicalein Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01212   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Baicalein inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                              Bilirubin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00877   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Bilirubin up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [23]
                              Biochanin A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01222   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Biochanin A inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [24]
                              Chrysophanic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01528   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Chrysophanic acid inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [25]
                              Dihydrocapsaicin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00802   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Dihydrocapsaicin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [26]
                              Diosmetin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01281   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Diosmetin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [27]
                              Germacrone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01313   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Germacrone inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [28]
                              Hesperetin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00856   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Hesperetin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                              Hyperforin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01335   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Hyperforin up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 and leads to increasing the drug-metabolizing activity of this enzyme [29]
                              Inermin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01345   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Inermin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                              Mangiferin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01370   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Mangiferin inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [30]
                              Sophoranone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01472   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Natural Product
                                 DME Modulation Sophoranone inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [31]
                  Plant Extract Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Ginkgo biloba extract Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01314   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Plant Extract
                                 DME Modulation Ginkgo biloba extract inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [32]
      Pharmaceutical Agent(s)
                  Approved/Marketed Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:      65 Xenobiotics
                              Acetaminophen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00217   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Acetaminophen inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [33]
                              Adefovir dipivoxil Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00745   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Adefovir dipivoxil inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [34]
                              Amiodarone hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00277   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Amiodarone hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [35]
                              Beta carotene Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00401   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Beta carotene up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [22]
                              Cannabidiol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00173   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cannabidiol inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [36]
                              Capsaicin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00178   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Capsaicin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [26]
                              Carbamazepine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00011   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Carbamazepine induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [7]
                              Chlorpromazine hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00280   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Chlorpromazine hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 > 50 microM) [37]
                              Cimetidine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00015   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cimetidine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [38]
                              Cisapride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00350   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cisapride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [39]
                              Clotrimazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00017   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Clotrimazole up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 and leads to increasing the drug-metabolizing activity of this enzyme [7]
                              Cocaine hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00751   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cocaine hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [40]
                              Cyclosporine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00241   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cyclosporine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 38.8 microM) [41]
                              Dapsone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00019   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dapsone inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [42]
                              Delavirdine mesylate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00287   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Delavirdine mesylate inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [43]
                              Desipramine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00022   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Desipramine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [44]
                              Dexamethasone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00088   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dexamethasone up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 and leads to increasing the drug-metabolizing activity of this enzyme [2]
                              Diclofenac Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00352   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Diclof DMEenac inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [44]
                              Dihydroergotamine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00105   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Dihydroergotamine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [3]
                              Econazole nitrate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00293   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Econazole nitrate inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 in Cellosaurus cell line BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (IC50 = 0.2 microM) [45]
                              Efavirenz Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00216   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Efavirenz inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [43]
                              Estradiol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00090   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Estradiol induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [46]
                              Felodipine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00245   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Felodipine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 in Cellosaurus cell line BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (IC50 = 4.5795 microM) [47]
                              Fluconazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00036   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Fluconazole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 13 microM) [48]
                              Fluphenazine hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00295   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Fluphenazine hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [44]
                              Irinotecan hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00301   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Irinotecan hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [49]
                              Isradipine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00049   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Isradipine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 3.66 microM) [50]
                              Ivermectin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00244   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Ivermectin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [3]
                              Ketoconazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00251   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Ketoconazole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 40 microM) [51], [52]
                              Leflunomide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00053   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Leflunomide up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [53]
                              Malathion Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00056   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Malathion inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [54]
                              Miconazole nitrate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00308   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Miconazole nitrate inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 in Cellosaurus cell line BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (IC50 = 0.2 microM) [55]
                              Nicardipine hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00311   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Nicardipine hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 0.378 microM) [50]
                              Paclitaxel Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00256   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Paclitaxel induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [56]
                              Pentamidine isethionate Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00317   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Pentamidine isethionate inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 > 100 microM) [57]
                              Phenobarbital Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00410   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Phenobarbital induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [58]
                              Phenytoin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00232   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Phenytoin induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [59]
                              Pyrimethamine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00076   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Pyrimethamine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (Ki = 51.5 microM) [10]
                              Rifampin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00223   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Rifampin induces the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [60]
                              Ritonavir Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00160   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Ritonavir up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [61]
                              Rosiglitazone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00380   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Rosiglitazone up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [62]
                              Sirolimus Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00188   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Sirolimus inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [63]
                              Sulfaphenazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00080   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Sulfaphenazole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 0.08 microM) [64]
                              Tenofovir Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00384   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Tenof DMEovir inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [65]
                              Teriflunomide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00749   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Teriflunomide up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [66]
                              Thiabendazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00084   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Thiabendazole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (Ki = 245 microM) [10]
                              Ticlopidine hydrochloride Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00331   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Ticlopidine hydrochloride inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 31.1 microM) [37]
                              Tretinoin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00253   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Tretinoin inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [67]
                              Valproic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00029   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Valproic acid up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [68]
                              Vitamin D Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00747   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Vitamin D inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [3]
                              Voriconazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00142   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Voriconazole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 14 microM) [69], [55]
                              Warfarin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00400   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Warfarin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (Ki = 20 microM) [10]
                              Zafirlukast Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00087   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Zafirlukast inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 in Cellosaurus cell line BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (IC50 = 2.2575 microM) [70]
                              Amodiaquine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00489   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Amodiaquine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 > 50 microM) [37]
                              Apatinib Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00452   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Apatinib inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [71]
                              Benidipine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00438   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Benidipine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [72], [47]
                              Benzbromarone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00492   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Benzbromarone inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 in Cellosaurus cell line BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (IC50 = 0.016 microM) [73]
                              Cinnamic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01252   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Cinnamic acid inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [74]
                              Daidzein Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00439   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Daidzein inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [3], [21]
                              Linoleic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01367   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Linoleic acid inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [15]
                              Melarsoprol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00475   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Melarsoprol inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [75]
                              Mepirodipine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01372   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Mepirodipine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [76]
                              Methoxychlor Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00446   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Methoxychlor inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [77]
                              Pranlukast Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00507   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Pranlukast inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [78]
                              Silybin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00441   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but not Approved by US FDA
                                 DME Modulation Silybin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 18 microM) [79]
                  Drug in Phase 3 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        4 Xenobiotics
                              Diethyltoluamide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00582   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Diethyltoluamide up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [9]
                              Endoxifen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00671   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Endoxifen inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [80]
                              Resveratrol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00568   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Resveratrol inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 in Cellosaurus cell line BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (IC50 = 7 microM) [3], [81]
                              Triclosan Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00560   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 3
                                 DME Modulation Triclosan up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [82]
                  Drug in Phase 2 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        5 Xenobiotics
                              Andrographolide Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00543   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Andrographolide inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [83]
                              Bisphenol A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01226   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Bisphenol A up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [84]
                              Ethanol Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00539   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Ethanol inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [85]
                              Genistein Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00557   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Genistein inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                              Icaritin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00653   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 2
                                 DME Modulation Icaritin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                  Drug in Phase 1 Clinical Trial Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        4 Xenobiotics
                              Licochalcone A Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01365   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Licochalcone A inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [86]
                              Luteolin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00537   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Luteolin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [87]
                              Naringenin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00573   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Naringenin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [88]
                              Quercetin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00538   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Highest Clinical Status: Phase 1
                                 DME Modulation Quercetin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 10.2 microM) [50]
                  Preclinical/Patented Drug Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        8 Xenobiotics
                              1-aminobenzotriazole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01099   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation 1-aminobenzotriazole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 42.9 microM) [89]
                              CP-778875 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01156   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation CP-778875 inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [90]
                              Dioscin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01280   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation Dioscin up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [91]
                              Emodin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00692   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation Emodin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [25]
                              HET-0016 Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01396   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation HET-0016 inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (IC50 = 3.3 microM) [89]
                              Isoliquiritigenin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00710   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation Isoliquiritigenin inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [21]
                              Myricetin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01384   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Drug in Preclinical Study
                                 DME Modulation Myricetin inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [92]
                              Okanin Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00733   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Patented Pharmaceutical Agent
                                 DME Modulation Okanin inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [93]
                  Drug Marketed but Withdrawn from Market Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        1 Xenobiotics
                              Ticrynafen Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00524   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Drug Marketed but Withdrawn from Market
                                 DME Modulation Ticrynafen inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 (Ki = 11 microM) [94]
                  Investigative Agent Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Xenobiotics:        9 Xenobiotics
                              5-fluorotryptamine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01159   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation 5-fluorotryptamine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [20]
                              5-methoxyindole Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01163   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation 5-methoxyindole inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [3]
                              7-methyltryptamine Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01177   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation 7-methyltryptamine inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [20]
                              Arachidonic acid Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00876   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Arachidonic acid inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [15]
                              Avasimibe Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO00804   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Avasimibe inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [95]
                              Beta-naphthoflavone Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01220   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Beta-naphthoflavone inhibits the expression of DME CYP2C9 [96]
                              CITCO Click to Show/Hide the Detail Induction
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01165   XEOTIC Info Gene Form mRNA
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation CITCO up-regulates the expression of DME CYP2C9 [97]
                              DY-9760e Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01130   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation DY-9760e inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [98]
                              Rhein Click to Show/Hide the Detail Inhibition
                                 XEOTIC ID XEO01455   XEOTIC Info Gene Form Protein
                                 Classification Investigative Agent
                                 DME Modulation Rhein inhibits the drug-metabolizing activity of DME CYP2C9 [99]
References
1 Activity profiles of 309 ToxCast?chemicals evaluated across 292 biochemical targets. Toxicology. 2011 Mar 28;282(1-2):1-15.
2 Expression and induction potential of cytochromes P450 in human cryopreserved hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):1004-16.
3 Functional expression and comparative characterization of nine murine cytochromes P450 by fluorescent inhibition screening. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Jul;36(7):1322-31.
4 Characterization of human cytochrome P450 induction by pesticides. Toxicology. 2012 Mar 29;294(1):17-26.
5 An evaluation of the cytochrome P450 inhibition potential of selected pesticides in human hepatic microsomes. J Environ Sci Health B. 2009 Aug;44(6):553-63.
6 The inhibition of major human hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes by 18 pesticides: comparison of the N-in-one and single substrate approaches. Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Aug;27(5):1584-8.
7 Regulation of cytochrome P450 2C9 expression in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2009 Jan-Feb;23(1):43-58.
8 Relationships between non-occupational cadmium exposure and expression of nine cytochrome P450 forms in human liver and kidney cortex samples. Biochem Pharmacol. 2001 Sep 15;62(6):713-21.
9 Impact of environmental chemicals on the transcriptome of primary human hepatocytes: potential for health effects. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2016 Aug;30(8):375-95.
10 Conformer- and alignment-independent model for predicting structurally diverse competitive CYP2C9 inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2004 Feb 12;47(4):907-14.
11 Ezrin inhibition up-regulates stress response gene expression. J Biol Chem. 2016 Jun 17;291(25):13257-70.
12 Identification of key pathways involved in the toxic response of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin in human hepatic HepaRG cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Aug;58:69-77.
13 Aflatoxin B1 induces persistent epigenomic effects in primary human hepatocytes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Toxicology. 2016 Mar 28;350-352:31-9.
14 Regulation of human CYP2C9 expression by electrophilic stress involves activator protein 1 activation and DNA looping. Mol Pharmacol. 2014 Aug;86(2):125-37.
15 The inhibitory effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on human CYP enzymes. Life Sci. 2006 Nov 25;79(26):2432-40.
16 Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles highlights aldehyde-induced inflammatory responses in cells relevant for lung toxicity. Toxicology. 2015 Aug 6;334:111-21.
17 Correlations of gene expression with blood lead levels in children with autism compared to typically developing controls. Neurotox Res. 2011 Jan;19(1):1-13.
18 Identification of human cell responses to hexavalent chromium. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2007 Oct;48(8):650-7.
19 Interaction of modified cyclodextrins with cytochrome P-450. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2005 Jan;69(1):246-8.
20 Cytochrome P450 inhibition potential of new psychoactive substances of the tryptamine class. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Jan 22;241:82-94.
21 Drug interaction study of flavonoids toward CYP3A4 and their quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis for predicting potential effects. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Sep 15;294:27-36.
22 Beta-carotene and apocarotenals promote retinoid signaling in BEAS-2B human bronchioepithelial cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006 Nov 1;455(1):48-60.
23 Interleukin 1beta inhibits CAR-induced expression of hepatic genes involved in drug and bilirubin clearance. Hepatology. 2004 Oct;40(4):951-60.
24 In vivo prediction of CYP-mediated metabolic interaction potential of formononetin and biochanin A using in vitro human and rat CYP450 inhibition data. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Nov 19;239(1):1-8.
25 The natural anthraquinones from Rheum palmatum induced the metabolic disorder of melatonin by inhibiting human CYP and SULT enzymes. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Nov 16;262:27-38.
26 Effects of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin on human and rat liver microsomal CYP450 enzyme activities in vitro and in vivo. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2012;14(4):382-95.
27 Effects of diosmetin on nine cytochrome P450 isoforms, UGTs and three drug transporters in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2017 Nov 1;334:1-7.
28 Interactions of sesquiterpenes zederone and germacrone with the human cytochrome P450 system. Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Sep;27(6):2005-12.
29 Induction and inhibition of cytochromes P450 by the StJohn's wort constituent hyperforin in human hepatocyte cultures. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 May;32(5):512-8.
30 Brazil nut improves the oxidative metabolism of superoxide-hydrogen peroxide chemically-imbalanced human fibroblasts in a nutrigenomic manner. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 Nov;121:519-526.
31 Arsenite-induced changes in hepatic protein abundance in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Proteomics. 2014 Aug;14(15):1833-43.
32 Inhibition of human P450 enzymes by multiple constituents of the Ginkgo biloba extract. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Jun 11;318(4):1072-8.
33 Multiple microRNAs function as self-protective modules in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in humans. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Feb;92(2):845-858.
34 Inhibition of human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 activities by adefovir and tenofovir. Xenobiotica. 2006 Dec;36(12):1165-77.
35 QT interval prolongation and Torsades de Pointes in a patient receiving zolpidem and amiodarone. Cardiology. 2006;105(3):146-7.
36 Characterization of the structural determinants required for potent mechanism-based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1A1 by cannabidiol. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 May 25;215:62-8.
37 Discovery and characterization of novel, potent, and selective cytochrome P450 2J2 inhibitors. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Jan;41(1):60-71.
38 Size-dependent effects of nanoparticles on the activity of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010 Feb 1;242(3):326-32.
39 Drug-drug interactions of Z-338, a novel gastroprokinetic agent, with terfenadine, comparison with cisapride, and involvement of UGT1A9 and 1A8 in the human metabolism of Z-338. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Aug 23;497(2):223-31.
40 Down-regulation of astroglial CYP2C, glucocorticoid receptor and constitutive androstane receptor genes in response to cocaine in human U373 MG astrocytoma cells. Toxicol Lett. 2005 Dec 15;159(3):203-11.
41 SCY-635, a novel nonimmunosuppressive analog of cyclosporine that exhibits potent inhibition of hepatitis C virus RNA replication in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Feb;54(2):660-72.
42 Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
43 Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 isoforms by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Jan;41(1):85-91.
44 Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes participating in p-nitrophenol hydroxylation by drugs known as CYP2E1 inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact. 2004 Apr 15;147(3):331-40.
45 Different inhibitory effects of azole-containing drugs and pesticides on CYP2C9 polymorphic forms: an in vitro study. Toxicol In Vitro. 2018 Aug;50:249-256.
46 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
47 Optical isomers of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers display enantiospecific effects on the expression and enzyme activities of human xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Nov 16;262:173-186.
48 Design and optimization of highly-selective, broad spectrum fungal CYP51 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2017 Aug 1;27(15):3243-3248.
49 Interaction of irinotecan (CPT-11) and its active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) with human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Apr;30(4):391-6.
50 Identifying a selective substrate and inhibitor pair for the evaluation of CYP2J2 activity. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 May;40(5):943-51.
51 Highly selective inhibition of human CYP3Aa in vitro by azamulin and evidence that inhibition is irreversible. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Jan;32(1):105-12.
52 In vitro inhibitory effect of 1-aminobenzotriazole on drug oxidations catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 enzymes: a comparison with SKF-525A and ketoconazole. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2003;18(5):287-95.
53 Teriflunomide is an indirect human constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) activator interacting with epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Oct 11;9:993.
54 Preferential inhibition of paraoxonase activity of human paraoxonase 1 by negatively charged lipids. J Lipid Res. 2004 Dec;45(12):2211-20.
55 The novel azole R126638 is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis in Candida albicans, Trichophyton spp., and Microsporum canis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Sep;48(9):3272-8.
56 Neuroprotective effects of glyceryl nonivamide against microglia-like cells and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y human dopaminergic neuroblastoma cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Dec;323(3):877-87.
57 Methoxylated 2'-hydroxychalcones as antiparasitic hit compounds. Eur J Med Chem. 2017 Jan 27;126:1129-1135.
58 High perfluorooctanoic acid exposure induces autophagy blockage and disturbs intracellular vesicle fusion in the liver. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Jan;91(1):247-258.
59 Human NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase induction in human hepatoma cells after exposure to industrial acrylates, phenolics, and metals. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Feb;25(2):175-81.
60 Effects of hydroxylated resveratrol analogs on oxidative stress and cancer cells death in human acute T cell leukemia cell line: prooxidative potential of hydroxylated resveratrol analogs. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 Feb 25;209:96-110.
61 A novel long noncoding RNA AK001796 acts as an oncogene and is involved in cell growth inhibition by resveratrol in lung cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2015 Jun 1;285(2):79-88.
62 A comprehensive evaluation of anti-diabetic drugs on nuclear receptor PXR platform. Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Oct;60:347-358.
63 High-throughput, quantitative assessment of the effects of low-dose silica nanoparticles on lung cells: grasping complex toxicity with a great depth of field. BMC Genomics. 2015 Apr 18;16:315.
64 Discovery of potent and selective cytotoxic activity of new quinazoline-ureas against TMZ-resistant glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Eur J Med Chem. 2015 Oct 20;103:210-22.
65 Pyridoxal oxime derivative potency to reactivate cholinesterases inhibited by organophosphorus compounds. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Nov 16;262:114-122.
66 3-Hydroxyflavone and structural analogues differentially activate pregnane X receptor: Implication for inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacol Res. 2015 Oct;100:64-72.
67 Comparison of cellular and transcriptomic effects between electronic cigarette vapor and cigarette smoke in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Dec;45(Pt 3):417-425.
68 PPAR gamma ligands, troglitazone and pioglitazone, up-regulate expression of HMG-CoA synthase and HMG-CoA reductase gene in THP-1 macrophages. FEBS Lett. 2002 Jun 5;520(1-3):177-81.
69 Breakthrough Candida infections in patients receiving voriconazole. Ann Pharmacother. 2005 Jul-Aug;39(7-8):1342-5.
70 Potential of pranlukast and zafirlukast in the inhibition of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Xenobiotica. 2004 May;34(5):429-38.
71 Evaluation of the inhibition effects of apatinib on human and rat cytochrome P450. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Nov;297:1-7.
72 Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes by 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists: prediction of in vivo drug-drug interactions. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Feb-Mar;55(11-12):843-52.
73 Quantitative binding models for CYP2C9 based on benzbromarone analogues. Biochemistry. 2004 Jun 8;43(22):6948-58.
74 Cinnamic acid based thiazolidinediones inhibit human P450c17 and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and improve insulin sensitivity independent of PPARgamma agonist activity. J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Apr;32(2):425-36.
75 Selective and potent inhibitors of human 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C1) that metabolizes neurosteroids derived from progesterone. Chem Biol Interact. 2003 Feb 1;143-144:503-13.
76 Anti-cancer effect of bee venom in prostate cancer cells through activation of caspase pathway via inactivation of NF-B. Prostate. 2011 Jun 1;71(8):801-12.
77 The contribution of methotrexate exposure and host factors on transcriptional variance in human liver. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Jun;97(2):582-94.
78 Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) protects against chromate-induced toxicity in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Jan 15;258(2):166-75.
79 Modulatory effects of silibinin in various cell signaling pathways against liver disorders and cancer - A comprehensive review. Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Nov 10;123:577-595.
80 The formation of estrogen-like tamoxifen metabolites and their influence on enzyme activity and gene expression of ADME genes. Arch Toxicol. 2018 Mar;92(3):1099-1112.
81 Trans-resveratrol, but not other natural stilbenes occurring in food, carries the risk of drug-food interaction via inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes or interaction with xenosensor receptors. Toxicol Lett. 2019 Jan;300:81-91.
82 Effects of 20 PBDE metabolites on steroidogenesis in the H295R cell line. Toxicol Lett. 2008 Feb 15;176(3):230-8.
83 Effects of Andrographis paniculata extract and Andrographolide on hepatic cytochrome P450 mRNA expression and monooxygenase activities after in vivo administration to rats and in vitro in rat and human hepatocyte cultures. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 May 15;179(2-3):247-55.
84 Environmental pollutants parathion, paraquat and bisphenol A show distinct effects towards nuclear receptors-mediated induction of xenobiotics-metabolizing cytochromes P450 in human hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Oct 1;238(1):43-53.
85 Cardiac toxicity from ethanol exposure in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Sci. 2019 May 1;169(1):280-292.
86 Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes by licochalcone A, a naturally occurring constituent of licorice. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Oct;29(7):1569-76.
87 The analgesic NSAID lornoxicam inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the formation of interleukin (IL)-6 in vitro. Inflamm Res. 1999 Jul;48(7):369-79.
88 Towards a systematic analysis of human short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR): Ligand identification and structure-activity relationships. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Jun 5;234:114-25.
89 Discovery of a N'-hydroxyphenylformamidine derivative HET0016 as a potent and selective 20-HETE synthase inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2001 Dec 3;11(23):2993-5.
90 Elucidation of the biochemical basis for a clinical drug-drug interaction between atorvastatin and 5-(N-(4-((4-ethylbenzyl)thio)phenyl)sulfamoyl)-2-methyl benzoic acid (CP-778875), a subtype selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Xenobiotica. 2013 Nov;43(11):963-72.
91 Molecular mechanism and inhibitory targets of dioscin in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018 Oct;120:143-154.
92 Whole genome expression analysis in primary bronchial epithelial cells after exposure to sulphur mustard. Toxicol Lett. 2014 Nov 4;230(3):393-401.
93 Pharmacotoxicology of clinically-relevant concentrations of obeticholic acid in an organotypic human hepatocyte system. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Mar;39:93-103.
94 A refined 3-dimensional QSAR of cytochrome P450 2C9: computational predictions of drug interactions. J Med Chem. 2000 Jul 27;43(15):2789-96.
95 Effects of avasimibe on cytochrome P450 2C9 expression in vitro and in vivo. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Dec;32(12):1370-6.
96 Differentiation-specific factors modulate epidermal CYP1-4 gene expression in human skin in response to retinoic acid and classic aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Dec;319(3):1162-71.
97 Potential role of estradiol and progesterone in insulin resistance through constitutive androstane receptor. J Mol Endocrinol. 2011 Sep 7;47(2):229-39.
98 In vitro metabolism of the calmodulin antagonist DY-9760e (3-[2-[4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-1-(4-imidazolylmethyl)-1H-indazole dihydrochloride 3.5 hydrate) by human liver microsomes: involvement of cytochromes p450 in atypical kinetics and potential drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Nov;33(11):1628-36.
99 Inhibition of CYP17A1 activity by resveratrol, piceatannol, and synthetic resveratrol analogs. Prostate. 2014 Jun;74(8):839-51.

If you find any error in data or bug in web service, please kindly report it to Dr. Yin and Dr. Li.